1.Steering committee formed to shore up resources for the Railways
·In January 2013, determined to set their finances in order during the next financial year, the Railways have set up a steering committee to find ways and means to raise funds not only to meet their own expenses but also brace up to the eventually of a 20 percent cut in their allocation.
Chairman Railway Board (CRB) Vinay Kumar Mittal said the thrust in the days to come would be to tide over the financial situation at least to make the railways meet its own internal expenditure first while capital expenditure would be met through other sources of funding.
· Railways were aware that investment would depend upon the economic climate around the world not just in India. The Railways intend to borrow Rs. 16000 crore from the market. The government has promised gross budgetary support of Rs. 1.94 lakh crore during the current 12th plan.
2.Y.V. Reddy to head 14th Finance Commission
· In January 2013, the government announced the constitution of the 14th Finance Commission under the chairmanship of former RBI Governor Y.V. Reddy. The five-member panel is to submit its report by October 31, 2014.
· Apart from its recommendations on the sharing of tax proceeds between the Centre and the States which will apply for a five-year period beginning April 1, 2015 the Commission has been asked to suggest steps for pricing of public utilizes such as electricity and water in an independent manner and also look into issues like disinvestment, GST compensation, sale of non-priority PSUs and subsidies.
· Among other things, the Commission would look into the “need for insulating the pricing utility services like drinking water, irrigation, power and public transport, from policy fluctuations through statutory provisions,’ Finance Minister P. Chidambaram told reporters.
· Apart from Dr. Reddy in the chair, other members of the Commission are former Finance Secretary Sushma Nath, NIPFP Director M. Govinda Rao, Planning Commission Member Abhijit Sen and Former Acting Chairman of National Statistical Commission Sudipto Mundle.
· The Commission, the Finance Minister said, would review the state of finances, deficit and debt levels of the Centre and States, keeping in view, in particular, the fiscal consolidation roadmap recommended by the 13th Finance Commission.
· Besides, the 14th Finance Commission would suggest measures for maintaining a stable and sustainable fiscal environment consistent with equitable growth.
The Finance Commission of India came into existence in 1951. It was established under Article 280 of the Indian Constitution by the President of India. It was formed to define the financial relations between the centre and the state. The Finance Commission Act of 1951 states the terms of qualification, appointment and disqualification, the term, eligibility and powers of the Finance Commission. As per the Constitution, the commission is appointed every five years and consists of a chairman and four other members. Since the institution of the first finance commission, stark changes have occurred in the Indian economy causing changes in the macroeconomic scenario. This had led to major changes in the Finance Commission’s recommendations over the years. Till date, Thirteen Finance Commissions have submitted their reports.
Functions of the Finance Commission can be explicitly stated as:
- Distribution of net proceeds of taxes between Centre and the States, to be divided as per their respective contribution to the taxes.
- Determine factors governing Grants-in Aid to the states and the magnitude of the same.
- Work with the State Finance Commissions and suggest measures to augment the Consolidated Fund of the States so as to provide additional resources to Panchayats and Municipalities in the State.
3.Panel set up to suggest steps for Air lndia turnaround
· In January 2013, a committee was set up to suggest measures to lower the high costs of Air India’s operations and improve utilization of resources in line with best global practices to help state-run carrier achieve the goals of its turnaround and financial restructuring plans.
· A five-member committee, headed by IIM-Ahmadabad’s Prof Ravindra H. Dholakia, was set up by Civil Aviation Minister Ajit Singh after a review meeting of the ailing national carrier’s functioning.
4.D.K. Jain is Law Commission chief
· In January 2013, Justice D.K. Jain has been appointed Chairman of the Law Commission of India, which gives advice to the government on complex legal issues.
· Justice Jain, 64, will take over on January 25, after retiring from the Supreme Court the same day.
· The Union Cabinet recently approved the constitution of the 20th Law Commission with a three-year term till August 31, 2015. Besides the Chairman, the commission will have four full-time members. The Law Secretary and the Secretary, Legislature Department, are the ex-officio members.
Law Commission of India is an executive body estimated by an order of the Government of India. Its major function is to work for legal reform. It membership primarily comprises legal experts, who are entrusted a mandate by the Government. The Commission is established for a fixed tenure and works as an advisory body to the Ministry of Law and Justice.
The first Law Commission was established during the British regime in 1834 by the Charter Act of 1833. After that three more Commissions were established in pre-independent India. The first Law Commission of independent India was established in 1955 for a three year term.
The Law Commission works in close co-ordination and under the general instruction of Ministry of Law and Justice. It generally acts as the initiation point for law reform in the country. Internally, the Law Commission works in a research-oriented manner. Employing a number of research analysts (and even law students from 2007), the Commission works upon the assigned agenda and primarily comes up with research based reports, often conclusive and recommendatory. The permanent members of the Commission generally are responsible for framing the exact topic and reference to work upon and often takes the services of eminent law experts and jurists who are familiar with the matter under review. These experts may either work part-time with the Commission or may have been requested to contribute to specific reports or issues under review.
5.Bangladesh ahead of India in gender equality: Amartya Sen
· Gender-based equality plays a major role in a country’s overall development and India lagged in Human Development Index, according to Nobel laureate Amartya Sen.
· Citing the example of Bangladesh – which has put in concerted efforts to promote gender equality – Professor Sen pointed out the neighbouring country had left India behind in all social indicators, “The large number of women health workers or school teachers has actually helped (Bangladesh) them to overtake India in every aspect of Human Development Index,” he noted.
· India spent only 1.2% of its GDP on public health service expenditure while China spend 2.7% and the European countries 7.9%.
6.Alagh Committee
·The idea of a national water framework law mooted by the Central government has run into strong opposition from the Chief Ministers of several States in January 2013. The Government has set up a new committee to draft the national water framework law under the chairmanship of Dr. Y. K. Alagh.
7.Verma panel says not to death penalty, yes to 10-year jail term
· In January 2013, the Justice Verma Committee formed to look into crimes against women ruled against recommending death penalty even in the rarest of the rare rape cases, and also did not favor lowering the age of a juvenile from 18 to 16.
· The committee, which was tasked with suggesting legal reforms to deal with sexual assault cases, however said the minimum sentence for a rapist should be enhanced from 7 years that life imprisonment must always mean jail for ‘the entire natural life of the convict’.
· It has also recommended increase in quantum of punishment in cases related to crime against women and children, besides asking the government to consider forming a new constitutional authority like the CAG for dealing with issues related to education and non-discrimination of women and children.
· Presenting the report on ‘Amendments to Criminal Law’, prepared within a month after consulting experts from India and abroad and going through suggestions made by various voluntary and government organizations,
· After the gangrape and death of the para-medical student in Delhi a three-member committee was formed. It was headed by the former Chief Justice of India, with former Chief Justice of Himachal Pradesh Justice Leila Seth and former Solicitor General of India Gopal Subramaniam as its members.
· The Committee also said that in the proposed Criminal Law Amendment Bill, 2012, the minimum sentence for punishment for rape should be enhanced to a minimum of 10 years (currently it is 7 years) with maximum punishment being life imprisonment.
· The Committee said castration would be unconstitutional and inconsistent with basic human rights treating to expose any citizen without their consent to potentially dangerous medical side effects.
· On the issue of reducing the age of a juvenile from 18 to 16, Mr. Verma said: “Assuming that a person at the age of 16 is sent to life imprisonment, he would be released sometimes in the mid-30s. There is little assurance that the convict would emerge a reformed person, who will not commit the same crime that he was imprisonment for (or, for that matter, any other crime).”
· The Committee has criticized lack of reformatory and rehabilitation policies in jails and juvenile homes.
8.Don’t allow Armymen to take cover under AFSPA, says Verma
· In January 2013, the Justice J.S. Verma Committee, set up to suggest amendments to laws relating to crimes against women, has recommended review of the continuance of the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) in the context of extending legal protection to women in conflict areas.
· “There is an imminent need to review the continuance of the AFSPA and AFSPA –like legal protocols in internal conflict areas as soon as possible,” it said. “This is necessary for determining the properly of resorting to this legislation in the area(s) concerned.”
· Taking cognizance of the complaints and reports of sexual assaults on women by men in uniform and the civil society’s demand for appeal of the AFSPA, the committee recommend an immediate resolution of “jurisdiction issues.” Simple procedural protocols must be put in place to avoid situations where the police refuse to register cases against paramilitary personnel.
9.Exempt disabled women from coming to police station: Verma panel
· In January 2013, considering the difficulties encountered by physically challenged women at each stage of the criminal-legal process, right from filing an FIR to testifying in court during trial, the Justice J.S. Verma Committee has recommended that they be exempted from coming to the police station and making repeated visits to courts for testimony.
· In its report, the committee said that when a physically or mentally challenged woman lodged a complained of rape or sexual harassment, the complaint should be recorded by a women police officer at the residence of such woman, or wherever she was comfortable. The complaint should be recorded in the presence of a special educator of interpreter, depending on the need of the complaint. The entire process of recording the complaint should be videographed under Section 154 of the Cr P.C.
· Similarly, during the process of Test Identification parade (TIP), if the person identifying the arrestee is physically or mentally challenged, then the identification must also be videographed. Also, while recording the statement of a physically or mentally challenged woman in court, the Magistrate must take the assistance of a special educator or interpreter, depending on the needs of the complainant. Additionally, the recording of testimony of the woman should also be videographed so that the statement is treated as a statement for the purpose of cross examination during the trial and the disabled woman will not have to state the same thing repeatedly, the panel report suggests.
· Importantly, the panel recommended that the use of the word “dumb witnessed,” for those who cannot speak, should be replaced with “persons who are unable to communicate verbally,” ‘Dumb witnesses’ is provided under Section 119 of the Indian Evidence Act.
· The committee also invoked the idea of parens patriae (the principle that political authority carriers with it the responsibility for such protection) to describe the role of state. However, experience shows that protection by the state is like a double-edged sword. When the state takes over the role of the parent, it often overrides the opinion of the ward; the state then decides what is good for the ward and what is not. this could at times go against the interest of the disabled. This issue also needs to be addressed, the NPRD has said.
· Further, the definition of special educator and interpreter requires clarity when these recommendations are incorporated into the law.
· It recommended that the High Court concerned should act as an oversight mechanism to all the institutions in the State and that it must be the task of educational institutions to recognize discriminatory attitudes among children on the basis of gender, disability, caste and so on.
10.All sexual identities are entitled to protection: Verma report
· In January 2013, describing sexuality as a fundamental aspect of human life, the Justice J.S. Verma Committee has said all sexual identities are entitled to protection. Since the possibility of sexual assault on men, as well as homosexual, transgender and transsexual rape, is a reality, the legal provisions have to be cognizant of the same, it said.
· “We said add that transgender communities are also entitled to an affirmation of gender autonomy. Our cultural prejudices must yield to Constitutional principles of equality, empathy and respect,” it said.
11.Verma Committee moots severe punishment for voyeurs, stalkers
· In February 2013, while the union Cabinet cleared an ordinance paving the way for harsher punishment for rape convicts and those who had committed crimes against women, the Justice Verma Committee not only clearly defined what a sexual assault was, but also suggested the addition of new sections in the Indian Panel Code so that those committing in the acts of voyeurism, stalking and acid attacks are penalized severely.
· The Committee defined sexual assault as “intentional touching of another person when such act of touching is of a sexual nature and is without the recipient’s consent” and also “using words, acts or gestures towards or in the presence of another person which create an unwelcome threat of a sexual nature or result in an unwelcome advance.”
· Bringing stalking under the ambit of IPC, the Verma Committees said: “Whoever follows a person and contacts, or attempts to contact such person to foster personal interaction repeatedly, despite a clear indication of disinterest by such person, or whoever monitors the use by a person of the Internet, e-mail or any other form of electronic communication, or watches or spies on a person in a manner that results in a fear of violence or serious alarm or distress in the mind of such person, or interferes with the mental peace of such person, commits the offence of stalking.” A person convicted of stalking will get a jail term of not less than one year which may extend to three years, and will also be liable to fine.
· The panel said that “whoever watches a woman engaging in a private act in circumstances where she would usually have the expectation of not being observed either by the perpetrator, or by any other person at the behest of the perpetrator” would be charged with voyeurism. This will include “a sexual act that is not a kind ordinarily done in public,” besides dissemination of images or other material even if it was taken with the victim’s consent. For voyeurism, the panel had recommended imprisonment of 1-3 years with fine on first conviction and 3-7 years for subsequent conviction.
· The three-member panel has addressed the issue of disrobing, which has become a major law and order issue in small towns and villages. The panel has recommended that “whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any woman or abets such act with the intention of disrobing or compelling her to be naked in any public place, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than three years, but which may extend to seven years and shall also be liable to fine.”
· The Committee has recommended adding new sections in the IPC to make voluntary throwing or attempting to throw acid a serious crime with enhanced punishment. In case of a person voluntarily causes grievous hurt through use of acid, he will be punished with rigorous 10-year imprisonment, which may extend to life. He will also be liable to pay compensation to the victim, adequate to meet at least the medical expenses incurred by the victim. And in case of voluntarily throwing or attempting to throw acid, the accused will face rigorous imprisonment for a term of 5-7 years, besides paying compensation to the victim.
12.Verma report for parliamentary panel
· In January 2013, the Union government is planning to send the Justice Verma Committee report to the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Home Affairs for consideration even as Law Minister Ashwani hinted that it would not be possible to implement all recommendations, particularly on review of the Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA) and disqualification of tainted lawmakers.
· The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) was studying the report and whatever fresh recommendation were found, would be flagged and forwarded to the parliamentary committee for consideration, a senior government official said.
13.Inter-Ministerial Group to study problems of textile sector
· In January 2013, the Central Government announced that an Inter-Ministerial Group (IMG) would soon be set up to take a look at the problems faced by the textiles sector, including high customs duty on synthetic fabric and labour-related issues.
· The group, which is likely to be set up after the Union Budget next month, is likely to hold a meeting every three months to review the sector’s issues and progress.
· Exporters have been pressing for import of synthetic/blended fabrics at a lower duty of 5 per cent. At present, the import duty on synthetic fabrics is about 21 per cent.
14.Walmart lobbying to be probed
· In January 2013, the Centre decided to set up a one-man committee to look into the allegation that the U.S. retail giant Walmart violated Indian regulations by lobbying.
· The terms of reference of the Committee include: (i) To inquire into recent media reports on disclosures of Walmart before the US Senate regarding its lobbying activities and details: (ii) Whether Walmart undertook any activities in India in contravention of any Indian law; (iii) Any other matter relevant or incidental to the above. In the last quarter, ended September 30, 2012, the company spent $1.65 million (about Rs. 10cr) on various lobbying issues, which included discussions related to FDI in India.
15.NAC to discuss report on market integration of small, marginal farmers
· In January 2013, the National Advisory Council, chaired by Sonia Gandhi, is meeting is discuss the draft report of its Working Group on raising incomes of small and marginal farmers by organizing them into collectives and extending to them the benefits of private trade outside the mandis. The idea has been doing the rounds for facilitating “economies of scale” ever since the policy for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in multi-brand retail look shape.
· Small and marginal farmers form 87 per cent of the farming community in the country and are not targeted in any Central scheme, the Group said in its report on “Enhancing Farm Income for Small Holders through Market Integration.”
· The Group, headed by a Madhya Pradesh-based NGO, has recommended in its report that the report that the government come up with resources to encourage about one crore small and marginal farmers into collectives or cooperatives or members-owned farmer producer organizations (FPO) during the 12th Plan for raising their incomes.
· Besides, other measures, it has suggested interest subvention on loans for at least five years for the proposed FPOs and their inclusion under the Agriculture Produce Marketing Committee Act (APMCA) to enable them to buy directly from produce outside the mandis through all platforms – physical and electronic.
· They should be exempt from APMC cess when trade is executed outside the mandi and be provided single licence for farm input businesses such as seeds, fertilizer pesticides etc.
16.India slides down in press freedom index
· In January 2013, India has dropped nine places to 140 in the list of 179 countries in the 2013 World Press Freedom Index, which its authors, Reporters Without Borders, said was the lowest for the “world’s biggest democracy” since 2002.
17.“We have implemented 99% of Sachar panel report”
· In February 2013, West Bengal Chef Minister Banerjee said that her government implemented 99 percent of the recommendations of the Sachar Committee, constituted by the Centre to ascertain the socio-economic condition of Muslims in the country.
18.High-power committee to review Sachar Panel report
· The Congress-led United Progressive Alliance government has proposed constitution of a high-power committee to review and assess the implementation of Justice Rajinder Sachar Committee’s recommendations and Prime Minister’s 15-Point Programme. This comes after a barrage of complaints from the Muslim community and a perception widely shared by people inside and outside the government that minority welfare schemes have failed to reach the intended beneficiaries.
· Union Minority Affairs Minister K. Rahman Khan said the Committee was needed as there was criticism from the community that the implementation of the Sachar Committee recommendations was actually an “eyewash.” Mr. Khan said the committee, which is expected to be announced soon, would be given a timeframe to submit its report in. It will suggest ways to improve the delivery mechanism. Experts like Dr. Amitabh Kundu from the Jawaharlal Nehru University and Dr. Manzoor Alam from the Institute of Objective Studies have been approaches by the government to be a part of the committee.
19.RBI working group wants banks to step up jewel loans
· In January 2013, a working group set up by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) suggested banks to increase their gold jewelers loans portfolio to curb large imports of gold, which is widening the current account deficit (CAD).
· The working group was set up to study issues related to gold imports and gold loans provided by non-banking finance companies (NBFCs).
· “This greatly facilitates monetization of huge stocks of gold. Given the superior quality of gold as collateral, the prudential norms like risk weight and provisioning on gold loans may be softer than other loans,” it said in its final report.
· This move would also reduce reliance of economically weaker sections of the society on money lenders and pawn brokers.
· The working group proposed the setting up of ‘Bullion Corporation of India’ (BCI), as a backstop facility, to provide refinance to institutions lending against the collateral of gold, and also to undertake retailing functions in gold, including pooling of idle gold, in the system.
· On the other extreme, the gold corporation could be empowered with wide-ranging activities related to the entire spectrum of commercial policies related to gold. The corporation could make purchases and sales of gold and issue gold bonds and collect and gold stocks, it added.
· The idea of a Gold Bank was mooted by the then Finance Minister, Manmohan Singh, in his budget speech in 1992. However, the proposal was not implemented. The group suggested that the gold bank could be given powers to import, export, trade, lend and borrow gold and deal in gold derivative. “Its role should be that of intermediary in gold transactions, providing liquidity to holders of gold and gold loan provides,” it added. The proposed BCI could also play a major role in recycling and pooling of domestic scrap gold, which comes to nearly 300 tones per annum. The group suggested the government to give inbuilt tax incentives for Gold Bonds and Gold Deposits schemes. “The impounded gold through gold bonds can be used to reduce the demand for gold imports. There can be a lock-in period.
20.Recommendations to empower common man
· A series of recommendations have been submitted by two separate committees appointed by the Supreme Court to empower the common man against illegal bandhs called by political parties, including an amendment to find their leaders “guilty” of abetment of offences under the Prevention of Damage to Public Property (PDPP) Act.
· The two apex court panels were separately led by retired Supreme Court judge Justice K.T. Thomas and eminent jurist Fali s. Nariman on June 5, 2007, after the Supreme Court took suo motu notice of increasing number of illegal bandh calls and resultant destruction of public property while hearing the case, Destruction of Public and Private Properties vs. State of A.P. and others.
· In his recommendations to the court, Justice Thomas highlighted the need for a provision in the Prevention of Damage to Public Property (PDPP) Act “to make the leaders of the organizations, which calls the direct action, guilty of abetment”. It suggested that police officers should make arrangements to take on video any scene of damaging public property as evidence. Mr. Nariman’s recommendations focused on drafting guidelines detailing methods to assess damage caused by violence during the bandhs. He said wherever a mass destruction to property took place due to protests, the High Court concerned ought to take suo motu action and set up a machinery to investigate the damage caused and award compensation. And when the bandhs affected more than a State, the Supreme Court should take over this duty, again suo motu.
· Mr. Nariman said a sitting or retired district judge should be appointed as claims commissioner to estimate the damages and investigate liability. An assessor may be appointed to assist the claims commissioner. “The claims commissioner and the assessor can seek instructions directly from the High Court concerned or the Supreme Court to summon videos or recordings from private and public sources to investigate the damage and establish nexus with the perpetrators.”
· Based on these recommendations, the Supreme Court in 2009, in its judgment in the case, had framed a series of 15 guidelines zeroing legal responsibility on the government and law enforcement authorities.
21.Biased, unscientific report on electromagnetic radiation
· The recently released Biolnitiative Report 2012 (BIR-2012) on standards for electromagnetic radiation is a perfect clone of a similar report published in 2007. According to many responsible agencies it is biased and unscientific. BIR-2012 claimed that the evidence for risks to health from wireless technologies and electromagnetic fields (EMFs) has substantially increased since 2007. The studies alleged a link between cell phone radiation and brain tumuors. Agencies such as the World Health Organization, UK Health Protection Agency and the International Commission on Non lionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) do not support the conclusions. The Biolnitiative Working Group which prepared the report originated as a self appointed group from a mini symposium during the annual meeting of the Bioelectromagnetic Society in 2006 and has no official status.
Labels: Committees,Reports,committee,resources,Railways,January,allocation,Chairman,Railway,Board,Vinay,Kumar,Mittal,tide,situation,expenditure,capital,investment,climate,India,government,Reddy,Finance,Commission,Governor,member,panel,October,Apart,recommendations,Centre,States,April,manner,compensation,sale,PSUs,subsidies,Among,policy,fluctuations,Minister,Chidambaram,reporters,Secretary,Sushma,Nath,NIPFP,Director,Govinda,Abhijit,Former,National,Statistical,Sudipto,Mundle,deficit,debt,consolidation,Besides,environment,growth,existence,Article,Indian,Constitution,President,relations,qualification,appointment,disqualification,institution,scenario,Till,Commissions,Functions,Distribution,contribution,Determine,factors,Grants,magnitude,Work,State,Fund,Panchayats,Municipalities,turnaround,utilization,carrier,goals,Ahmadabad,Prof,Ravindra,Dholakia,Civil,Aviation,Ajit,Singh,Jain,Justice,advice,Supreme,Court,Union,Cabinet,August,Legislature,Department,membership,experts,tenure,Ministry,British,regime,Charter,ordination,instruction,initiation,analysts,students,agenda,topic,reference,Bangladesh,gender,Amartya,role,development,Human,Index,Nobel,example,efforts,Professor,indicators,women,health,workers,teachers,aspect,China,European,Alagh,framework,Central,opposition,Chief,Ministers,Verma,death,crimes,life,imprisonment,punishment,crime,education,discrimination,Amendments,Criminal,suggestions,student,Delhi,Himachal,Pradesh,Leila,Seth,Solicitor,General,Gopal,Subramaniam,Amendment,Bill,citizen,person,assurance,reformatory,rehabilitation,policies,Armymen,AFSPA,laws,continuance,Forces,Special,Powers,context,protection,areas,protocols,legislation,area,cognizance,complaints,jurisdiction,Simple,situations,personnel,Exempt,testimony,woman,harassment,complaint,officer,residence,presence,educator,interpreter,Section,Test,Identification,Also,statement,Magistrate,assistance,complainant,purpose,examination,Dumb,Evidence,principle,carriers,sword,opinion,ward,NPRD,Further,definition,High,mechanism,institutions,task,attitudes,basis,caste,identities,affirmation,autonomy,Constitutional,empathy,voyeurs,stalkers,February,ordinance,addition,Code,voyeurism,recipient,threat,ambit,interaction,indication,disinterest,Internet,communication,violence,peace,expectation,perpetrator,behest,dissemination,victim,conviction,towns,villages,intention,description,Parliamentary,Home,Affairs,Ashwani,lawmakers,recommendation,Inter,Ministerial,Group,textile,sector,textiles,fabric,Budget,Exporters,fabrics,Walmart,allegation,media,disclosures,Senate,Whether,contravention,September,million,discussions,integration,farmers,Advisory,Council,Sonia,Gandhi,incomes,economies,Foreign,Direct,Small,Farm,Income,Holders,Market,Madhya,farmer,producer,Plan,subvention,FPOs,inclusion,Agriculture,Produce,APMCA,platforms,APMC,fertilizer,pesticides,freedom,World,authors,Borders,democracy,Sachar,West,Bengal,Chef,Banerjee,Muslims,Progressive,Alliance,implementation,Rajinder,Prime,Point,Programme,barrage,Muslim,perception,welfare,beneficiaries,Rahman,Khan,criticism,Amitabh,Kundu,Jawaharlal,Nehru,Manzoor,Alam,Institute,Objective,Studies,jewel,Reserve,Bank,portfolio,account,NBFCs,Given,collateral,norms,reliance,money,lenders,brokers,Bullion,Corporation,system,spectrum,sales,Gold,Manmohan,speech,proposal,transactions,Bonds,Deposits,series,leaders,Prevention,Damage,Public,PDPP,apex,panels,Thomas,Fali,Nariman,June,destruction,Private,Properties,provision,action,officers,guidelines,machinery,district,commissioner,assessor,instructions,recordings,nexus,perpetrators,judgment,enforcement,radiation,Biolnitiative,Report,agencies,technologies,EMFs,cell,brain,Organization,Agency,International,ICNIRP,conclusions,self,symposium,Bioelectromagnetic,status,upon,chairmanship,five,four,three,rape,month,transgender,mandis,bandhs,motu,electromagnetic
No comments:
Post a Comment